Why does vaginitis occur during pregnancy
Bacterial Vaginosis
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common type of vaginitis during pregnancy. It is caused by an overgrowth of bacteria in the vagina. BV can cause symptoms such as:
A gray, white, or yellow vaginal discharge
A strong, fishy odor
Itching or burning of the vagina
Painful intercourse
BV is not usually a serious condition, but it can increase the risk of premature birth and low birth weight. Treatment for BV typically involves antibiotics.
Yeast Infection
A yeast infection is another common type of vaginitis during pregnancy. It is caused by an overgrowth of the fungus Candida. Yeast infections can cause symptoms such as:
A thick, white vaginal discharge
Itching or burning of the vagina
Painful intercourse
Painful urination
Yeast infections are usually treated with antifungal medications.
Trichomoniasis
Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that can cause vaginitis during pregnancy. It is caused by a parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis. Trichomoniasis can cause symptoms such as:
A yellow or green vaginal discharge
A strong, fishy odor
Itching or burning of the vagina
Painful intercourse
Painful urination
Trichomoniasis is treated with antibiotics.
Risk Factors for Vaginitis During Pregnancy
There are several risk factors for vaginitis during pregnancy, including:
Having a history of vaginitis
Having multiple sexual partners
Doucheing
Using scented feminine hygiene products
Wearing tight clothing
Being overweight or obese
Prevention of Vaginitis During Pregnancy
There are several things you can do to prevent vaginitis during pregnancy, including:
Practice good hygiene. This includes washing your hands thoroughly before and after touching your vagina, and changing your underwear daily.
Avoid douching. Douching can remove the good bacteria from your vagina, which can lead to an overgrowth of bad bacteria.
Use unscented feminine hygiene products. Scented products can irritate your vagina.
Wear loose-fitting clothing. Tight clothing can trap moisture in the vagina, which can create a warm, moist environment that is ideal for bacteria and yeast to grow.
Maintain a healthy weight. Being overweight or obese can increase your risk of developing vaginitis.
Get regular prenatal care. Your doctor can check for signs of vaginitis and treat it if necessary.
Avoid smoking. Smoking can increase your risk of developing vaginitis.
Treatment of Vaginitis During Pregnancy
Treatment for vaginitis during pregnancy typically depends on the type of vaginitis you have.
Bacterial Vaginosis
Treatment for bacterial vaginosis typically involves antibiotics. The most common antibiotics used to treat BV are metronidazole and clindamycin.
Yeast Infection
Treatment for a yeast infection typically involves antifungal medications. The most common antifungal medications used to treat yeast infections are miconazole and clotrimazole.
Trichomoniasis
Treatment for trichomoniasis typically involves antibiotics. The most common antibiotic used to treat trichomoniasis is metronidazole.
Complications of Vaginitis During Pregnancy
Vaginitis during pregnancy can lead to several complications, including:
Premature birth
Low birth weight
Chorioamnionitis (an infection of the amniotic fluid and membranes)
Endometritis (an infection of the lining of the uterus)
If you have symptoms of vaginitis during pregnancy, it is important to see your doctor right away so that you can be treated and prevent any complications.
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